4. Data Description Exogenous variables selected in the paper include commuters individual attributes (such as gender, occupation, and age) and household attributes (such as household size, number of preschool children, ownership of automobiles, and annual household income). Detailed selleck product information about those variables is shown in Table 1. Table 1 Description of exogenous variables in SEM. The

selected endogenous variables are mainly concerned with commuters’ subsistence activity and travel characteristics. The subsistence activity (mainly work trips or work-related trips) is featured by commute time, commute trip number, and duration of the commuting, while travel characteristics include the total number of trips in a whole day, numbers of three

typical home-based trip chains, trip chain, and mode choice. Noticeably, a trip chain is defined as a sequence of trips that starts and ends at the household location in a whole day. Figure 1 depicts the commute trip number and total trip number of commuters in historic district. In commuters’ daily activities of Yangzhou city, subsistence trips take a high rate of the total trips, of which the percentage among commuters inside the district is 93.8% and the percentage among commuters outside the district is 94.2%. It reports that the nonsubsistence trips take a small proportion, so in the following classification of trip chains we only take account of the commute trips. Figure 1 Statistical number chart of commute trips and total trips. Finally, three major types of trip chains were used for analysis. The description of trip chains is shown as follows, where “H” denotes home, “W” denotes a subsistence (work or work-related) activity, and “O” refers to a nonsubsistence activity: HWH: there is one subsistence activity within a day. Only a simple subsistence activity stop is contained in the chain, HWHWH: there are two subsistence activities

within a day. Commute trips with a midtrip that returns home are included, and there are no nonsubsistence activity stops, HWOH: there are two types of activities within a day. Two nonsubsistence trips with a midtrip that returns home are included, and there is at least one nonsubsistence activity stop. Table 2 shows the endogenous variables and their descriptions. Table 2 Cilengitide Description of endogenous variables in SEM. According to the statistics, there are 705 cases about commuters in historic district and 245 cases about commuters out of the district. Table 3 shows the sample size and percentage of each class. Table 3 Descriptions of characteristics of inside and outside commuters. Great differences exist in most influencing factors of these two groups (such as travel time taken, nature of work, and travel distance), which results in great differences in their travel behaviors.