Assessment of the rotations of the trunk during walking with an abnormal gait can provide knowledge required for a better understanding of the nature of the motor control deficit and support decision-making in patient rehabilitation. A method based on the use of a weighted Fourier linear combiner (WFLC) adaptive filter is proposed in this paper for the estimation of lower trunk angles during pathological overground level walking, using angular velocities measured at the lower trunk level with a wearable inertial sensor. This method was validated for a group of 24 patients, 13 with hemiplegia and 11 with Parkinson’s disease, by comparing the estimated angles to those simultaneously

obtained from a stereophotogrammetric system. Analysis of the root mean square error, correlation coefficient and offset results revealed that the WFLC approach is highly accurate in estimating lateral and frontal bending buy AC220 and axial rotations of the lower trunk in pathological level walking. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“This

selleck screening library study compared the ileal contractility and analyzed the association between contractility with advanced glycation end product (AGE) formation in normal and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Nine STZ-induced diabetic rats (Diabetes group) and 9 normal rats (Normal group) were used. The motility experiments were carried out on ileums in organ baths containing physiological Krebs solution. heal pressure and diameter changes were obtained from basic, flow-induced and ramp distension-induced contractions. The frequency and amplitude of contractions were analyzed from pressure-diameter curves. Distension-induced contraction thresholds

and maximum contraction amplitude of basic and flow-induced contractions were calculated in terms of stress and strain. AGE and its receptor (RAGE) in the layers were detected by immunohistochemistry staining. The maximum stress of flow-induced contractions was lowest in the Diabetes Group (P smaller than 0.05). During ramp distension, the pressure and stress thresholds and Young’s modulus to induce phasic contraction were lowest in the Diabetes Group (P smaller than 0.05 and P smaller than 0.01). AGE and RAGE expressions in the different ileum layers were highest in the Diabetes group. The contraction pressure MEK inhibitor and stress thresholds were significantly associated with AGE expression in the muscle layer and RAGE expression in mucosa epithelium and neurons. The diabetic intestine was hypersensitive to distension for contraction induction. However, the contraction force produced by smooth muscle was lowest in diabetic rats. Increased AGE/RAGE expression was associated with the contractility changes in diabetic rats. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“The authors report on the histologic and immunohistochemical analyses of a cerebral aneurysm embolized with platinum coils and with the longest observation period.