In Experiment 2, (1) S 18986 at 0.03 and 0.1 mg/kg reversed the memory deficit in aged mice but did not modify performance in young adult mice; (2) memantine at 10 mg/kg also increased SA rates in aged mice but did not improve performance in young adult mice.

The SA task

is a useful tool to reveal age-induced time-dependent working memory impairments. As compared to memantine, S 18986-a compound targeting AMPA receptors-contributes a valuable therapy in the treatment of age-related cognitive dysfunctions or mild forms of AD.”
“Virus-like particles (VLPs) from hepatitis B and human papillomaviruses have been successfully used as preventative vaccines against these infectious agents. These see more VLPs consist of a self-associating capsid polymer formed from a single structure protein and are devoid of viral DNA. Since virions from herpesviruses consist of a large number of molecules of viral and cellular origin, generating VLPs from

a subset of these would be a particularly arduous task. Therefore, we have adopted an alternative strategy that consists of producing DNA-free defective virus particles in a cell line infected by a herpesvirus mutant incapable of packaging DNA. We previously reported that an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) mutant devoid of the terminal repeats (Delta TR) that act as packaging signals in herpesviruses produces substantial amounts of VLPs and of light particles buy GSK872 (LPs). However, Delta TR virions retained some infectious genomes, and although these mutants had lost their transforming abilities, this poses potential concerns for clinical applications. Therefore, we have constructed a series of mutants that lack proteins involved in maturation and assessed their ability to produce viral DNA-free VLP/LPs. Some of the introduced mutations were deleterious for capsid maturation and virus production. However, deletion of BFLF1/BFRF1A or of BBRF1 resulted in ADAMTS5 the production of DNA-free VLPs/LPs. The Delta BFLF1/BFRF1A viruses elicited a potent

CD4(+) T-cell response that was indistinguishable from the one obtained with wild-type controls. In summary, the defective particles produced by the Delta BFLF1/BFRF1A mutant fulfill the criteria of efficacy and safety expected from a preventative vaccine.”
“Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) is a reemerging virus that causes a severe and often fatal disease in equids and humans. In spite of a continuous public health threat, to date, no vaccines or antiviral drugs have been developed for human use. Experimental vaccines demonstrate either poor efficiency or severe adverse effects. In this study, we developed a new strategy of alphavirus modification aimed at making these viruses capable of replication and efficient induction of the immune response without causing a progressive infection, which might lead to disease development.