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“International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry 2012; 22: 239–243 Background.  Adverse long-term general and dental health effects of cancer and cancer therapy during childhood have been reported. Aim.  To examine the association between chemotherapy before the age of 8 years and (1): microdontia; (2): hypodontia of premolars and permanent molars. Material and methods.  In The Danish Registry of Childhood Cancer (DBCR), we identified 203 children who met the following inclusion criteria: (1) age below 8 years at the start of treatment; (2) age between 12 to 18 years upon dental examination; (3)

had received chemotherapy The exclusion criterion was radiotherapy to the head and neck. A total of 150 children fulfilled the inclusion criteria. As controls, a random sample of 193 age-matched unexposed children www.selleckchem.com/pharmacological_MAPK.html was included. Results.  Microdontia was found in a total of 88 teeth in 29 (19.3%) of the 150 children who had been exposed to chemotherapy, while none of the controls had microdontia of premolars or permanent molars

(difference: 19.3%; 95% CL: 13.5%; 26.4%). The earlier the exposure, the more frequent was microdontia. We found a total of 27 missing premolars and permanent molars in 14 (9.3%) of the exposed children and a total of 18 missing premolars and permanent molars in 8 (4.1%) of the controls (difference: 5.2%; 95% CL: −0.1%; 11.3%). Conclusion.  The present study confirms findings from Doxorubicin previous studies that chemotherapy, especially in very young children, causes microdontia and hypodontia of premolars and permanent molars. “
“International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry 2012; 22: 180–190 Objective.  Xylitol studies suggest caries reductions in the order of 50%. Based on animal/microbial studies, erythritol potentially has caries-preventive properties. However, clinical dipyridamole studies are required to confirm this.The aim of the study was to investigate the additional caries-preventive effect of xylitol/maltitol and erythritol/maltitol lozenges delivered at school,

relative to controls receiving comprehensive prevention, in a low-caries prevalence population. Methods.  A 4-year, cluster-randomized, double-blinded clinical trial. Five hundred and seventy-nine 10-year-old consenting subjects from 21 schools were randomly assigned to one of five groups. Four groups used the lozenges on school days, in three teacher-supervised sessions daily, over 1 or 2 years. The daily amount was 4.7 g/4.6 g for xylitol/maltitol and 4.5 g/4.2 g for erythritol/maltitol. The groups received free examinations and care in the public health centre. Four hundred and ninety-six children were analysed. The main outcome measure was dentin caries increment based on a clinical examination at 4 years since the start. The groups were compared in relation to the increment using hierarchical logistic regression to adjust for potential clustering. Results.