Media were evaluated following the ISO 16140 protocol for the validation of alternative methods.

Conclusion:

Growth of the anthurium blight pathogen was better on NCTM4 and ET media than on CS. NCTM4 provided a better repeatability. It also displayed a lower rate of false positive and false negative results when the pathogen was isolated from plant extracts.

Significance and Impact of the Study:

This study will lead to improved isolation protocols of the anthurium blight in official procedures. NCTM4 medium could also favourably see more be used in studies, which aim to further understanding

of the biology and epidemiology of this pathogen.”
“Background: There is good evidence of selective outcome reporting in published reports of randomized trials.

Methods: We examined reporting practices for trials of gabapentin funded by Pfizer and Warner-Lambert’s subsidiary, Parke-Davis (hereafter referred to as Pfizer and Parke-Davis) for off-label indications (prophylaxis against migraine and treatment of bipolar disorders, neuropathic pain, and nociceptive pain), comparing internal company documents with published reports.

Results: We identified YH25448 concentration 20 clinical trials for which internal documents were available from Pfizer and Parke-Davis; of these trials, 12 were reported in publications. For 8 of the 12 reported trials, the primary outcome

defined in the published report differed from that described in the protocol. Sources of disagreement included the introduction of a new primary outcome

(in the case of 6 trials), failure to distinguish between primary and secondary outcomes (2 trials), relegation of primary outcomes to secondary outcomes (2 trials), and failure to report one or more protocol-defined primary outcomes (5 trials). Trials that presented findings that were not significant (P greater/equal 0.05) for the protocol-defined Cyclooxygenase (COX) primary outcome in the internal documents either were not reported in full or were reported with a changed primary outcome. The primary outcome was changed in the case of 5 of 8 published trials for which statistically significant differences favoring gabapentin were reported. Of the 21 primary outcomes described in the protocols of the published trials, 6 were not reported at all and 4 were reported as secondary outcomes. Of 28 primary outcomes described in the published reports, 12 were newly introduced.

Conclusions: We identified selective outcome reporting for trials of off-label use of gabapentin. This practice threatens the validity of evidence for the effectiveness of off-label interventions.

N Engl J Med 2009;361:1963-71.”
“Aims:

To determine the effect of UV radiation on the viability of two strains of Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (Map) inoculated into milk.

Methods and Results:

Mycobacterium avium ssp.