*National Coordinator. ISAAC Phase Three National Coordinators not identified above—Brazil: D Solé; Canada: M Sears; Chile: V Aguirre; Fiji: L Waqatakirewa; India: J Shah; Indonesia: PF-2341066 K Baratawidjaja;

Japan: S Nishima; Mexico: M Baeza-Bacab; New Zealand: MI Asher; Singapore: B-W Lee. Contributors: AWS had access to all the data on the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and accuracy of the data analysis; he was also involved in statistical analysis. All authors were involved in the study concept and design; critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content; and administrative, technical and material support. The

ISAAC steering committee was involved in the acquisition of data. IB contributed to the drafting of the manuscript. EAM obtained funding and was involved in study supervision. Funding: EAM and IB are supported by Cure-Kids NZ. Competing interests: None. Ethics approval: Ethical approval was obtained for the original ISAAC Phase Three study, and permission was gained to use the data from ISAAC Phase Three through agreement with the ISAAC Phase Three Steering Committee. Provenance and peer review: Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed. Data sharing statement: Information with respect to all ISAAC studies, including methods, data gathering and results is available on the ISAAC website: isaac.auckland.ac.nz/.
Alcohol use disorders (AUD) have been associated with excessive all-cause mortality in three meta-analyses1–3 and

this has further been corroborated in recent population-based cohort studies.4 5 Important causes of death are injuries and suicide; these are highlighted in patients presenting with AUDs.2 3 6 Mental disorders, other than AUDs, are associated with increased all-cause mortality1 3 and suicide.3 6 7 Whereas alcohol dependence is significantly associated with all types of substance and psychiatric disorders,8 the co-occurrence of mental disorders and AUDs should be taken into account when studying outcomes in patients with these disorders. Alcohol-related problems or AUDs have Anacetrapib been described as a substantial burden on emergency departments (EDs.),9–12 and the increase in alcohol-related visits and suboptimal management at the ED calls for action.12 The imminent and long-term mortality risks of drunken patients in the ED have only rarely been studied,13 although mortality investigations have been undertaken repeatedly on patients with a clinical diagnosis of AUDs or persons with AUDs identified in general population surveys.1–5 Increased all-cause mortality of AUD patients from the ED was found in a small study13 with excess death from injuries and suicide.