“
“Objective: To characterize the response to labor induction with prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and to identify risk factors for induction failure. Methods: A prospective controlled study of women admitted for labor induction with PGE2. Maternal characteristics, Bishop score and sonographic cervical length were documented at admission. The change in cervical characteristics and the emergence of uterine contractions KPT-330 clinical trial following each application of PGE2 were analyzed. Results: Of the 88 women who were included in the study, 19 (21.6%) failed to
response to PGE2. The following factors were independently associated with induction failure: nulliparity (odds ratio [OR] = 5.9, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2-30.2), pre-pregnancy body mass index > 25 kg/m2 (OR = 5.4, 95% CI: 1.1-26.5), Bishop score < 4 (OR = 2.3, 95% CI: 1.05-14.4), cervical length < 25 mm (OR = 0.2, 95% CI: 0.1-0.8) and the development of uterine contractions in response to the first application of PGE2 (OR = 0.4, 95% CI: 0.1-0.93). Overall,
most women required only one (60.9%) or two (85.5%) applications of PGE2 BMS202 inhibitor to achieve successful induction. The number of applications of PGE2 required to achieve successful induction was related to parity and cervical status at presentation. Conclusions: Overall, most women who eventually respond to PGE2 do so following the first two applications of PGE2, and the contribution of subsequent applications is relatively small and related to cervical
status at admission.”
“Objectives: To assess the tobacco treatment practices of Montana pharmacists, evaluate pharmacist interest in addressing tobacco use, and identify perceived barriers to delivery of tobacco cessation services.
Design: Descriptive, nonexperimental, cross-sectional study.
Setting: Montana in February 2007. Participants: 192 pharmacists attending an annual continuing professional education program.
Intervention: Attendees at 11 meeting sites throughout the state completed the survey.
Main outcome measures: Pharmacists’ use of the U. S. Clinical Practice Guideline 5 A’s (ask, advise, assess, assist, GSI-IX solubility dmso and arrange) in regard to tobacco cessation services.
Results: Of program attendees, 76% (192 of 253) completed the 35-item survey. More than one-half (58%) of respondents were men, and 90% were white. Respondents were licensed for a median of 22.5 years and dispensed a median of 1,000 prescriptions per week. The percent of pharmacists who treated one or more patients using the 5 A’s in the preceding 30 days were as follows: asked about tobacco use, 39%; advised to quit smoking, 54%; assessed for readiness to quit smoking, 36%; assisted with quitting (i.e., cessation counseling), 46%; assisted with advice to use nonprescription cessation medication, 62%; assisted with advice to use prescription cessation medication, 54%; arranged for a follow-up appointment for additional counseling, 6%; and referred to a tobacco quit line, 23%.