Of all the diagnostic modalities available, PCT imaging appears to be an appropriate and powerful not-invasive technique to measure the hemodynamic properties of tissues, such as blood volume, vessel leakiness and permeability [8]. The purpose of the present study was the early monitoring of the effects of bevacizumab in patients with a recurrent high-grade buy Repotrectinib glioma, with a PCT examination before and after the first dose of the drug. We hypothesized that a quantitative evaluation of the changes in tumor perfusion during treatment could

be predictive of the response to the anti-angiogenic therapy. Methods Patient population and study design This prospective, single-center, open-label trial was approved by our Ethic Committee and informed consent was obtained from each patient before the study. From June 2009 to May 2011, a total of 25 patients met the following selection criteria and were prospectively enrolled in the study. Patients were eligible for the study if they had: (i) a pathologically proven high-grade malignant glioma (anaplastic astrocytoma,

anaplastic oligoastrocytoma, anaplastic CBL0137 nmr oligodendroglioma, or GBM); (ii) undergone surgery; (iii) a recurrent or progressive find more disease after chemo-radiotherapy (after a total dose of 60 Gy, 2 Gy per fraction, with concurrent and/or sequential Temozolomide); (iv) a Karnofsky performance status (KPS) greater than 60; and (v) if they were at least 18 years old. Among 25 patients who met the selection criteria, 9 were excluded from the analyses for inadequate PCT examination (3 patients), lack of the second PCT exam for a rapidly deteriorating condition (4 patients) or lost from follow-up (2 patients). The final study cohort included 16 patients, 6 female and 10 male with an average age of 47.6 years (range, 34–67 years). Patient and tumor characteristics are summarized in Table 1. Patients received bevacizumab as a monotherapy or combined with other therapies, (Table 1). Patients also received corticosteroids as clinically demanded. Bevacizumab was administered every 3 weeks with a dose

of 15 mg/Kg, until disease progression, refusal Venetoclax molecular weight of patient or intolerable toxicity. The Progression Free Survival (PFS) was estimated from the beginning of anti-angiogenic therapy to radiologic and/or neurological progression. The overall survival (OS) was defined from the beginning of anti-angiogenic therapy to death. Table 1 Patient, tumor characteristics and outcome of Bevacizumab Patient n° Sex Age Location Initial Diagnosis Before Treatment Other concurrent Therapies RANO Response at 1° follow-up PFS         Histology KPS KPS       1 F 65 R P GBM 70 70 FTM Partial No progress 2 M 34 L T AOA 80 90 – Stable 1.3 3 M 67 R F T GBM 90 70 FTM Stable 4.5 4 M 27 R T P AOD 100 80 FTM Stable 5.0 5 M 49 L F AOD 100 70 TMZ Stable 2.1 6 M 41 L F AOA 100 70 TMZ Stable 3.1 7 M 62 L T GBM 100 80 FTM Stable 4.0 8 F 42 L T AA 70 70 FTM Stable 3.