The imply transcript ac cumulation estimates for these contigs in F1 plants ranged from one. two to 2372% of predicted values, approximately evenly divided between individuals over or under the parental mean. Evaluation of gene ontologies assigned to these transcripts indicated sizeable overrepresentation of 160 GO processes, lowered to 64 by collapsing very redundant classes. Amongst these GO terms, two groups were prominent, involving photosynthesis and vitality metabolism and defense res ponse. Transgressive transcript accumulation in F1 hybrids Though nearly all contigs examined showed inter mediate ranges of transcript accumulation in F1 plants relative to parent accessions, ten contigs persistently showed transcript accumulation drastically greater or significantly less than values observed in cmsHA89 or Pet2152 sam ples.
Of these, eight transcripts showed greater ac cumulation in hybrids than parental accessions, a bias that is maintained when Vemurafenib Raf inhibitor the criteria for identifying contigs as significantly transgressive are relaxed to in clude contigs considerable in just one within the two analyses, 52/65 identified contigs showed higher transcript accumulation in F1s below these relaxed criteria. Also, 50 reference contigs recognized as showing non additive F1 transcript accumulation had F1 mean values both higher or reduce than each parent indicate values. Variance among F1 hybrids The F1 plants examined in this study are the merchandise of hybridization involving an inbred H. annuus domesti cated line in addition to a wild collected H. petiolaris accession which is remarkably heterozygous.
The two external and transcript level phenotypes evaluated in F1 plants were largely intermediate with respect to the parental accessions, nonetheless did display variation amid F1s. Transcript se quences had been obtained from eight individual F1 plants, making it possible for us to assess inter plant variation in transcript accumulation that may be attributable to interaction with segregating regulatory Aurora loci in the parental genome. We calculated the coefficient of variation for each transcript across all F1 plants. 166 contigs regularly had a CV greater than two for F1 samples. These mainly integrated genes controlling cell division and DNA synthesis. When these contigs are subjected to hierarchical clustering, F1 samples type one fairly uniform group resembling H. petiolaris samples, and yet another variable group including H. annuus.
This can be consistent with segregation of parental alleles connected with regulation of those transcripts. Allelic bias in transcript accumulated in F1 hybrids 13,734 fixed single nucleotide variants had been iden tified concerning H. annuus and H. petiolaris transcript reads, contained within three,393 contigs. These SNPs had been distributed across the genome, using a high correlation among the density of SNPs detected as well as the general abundance of sequence reads mapped to a offered genetic place.