The isolation of highly diverse novel bacterial species from human gut of Indian individuals with varying age #PX-478 solubility dmso randurls[1|1|,|CHEM1|]# suggests Indian population is a good source to find novel bacterial isolates, and might have a different composition compared to the Western Population studied earlier.

This is a preliminary study which investigates a very unique subset of the human gut microflora where 3 generations of a family are living under the same roof. Although the number of families participating in the study is low, the observations of the study are important in context of human gut flora studies in Indian scenario. Much more in-depth study is required to define the gut flora in Indian population; however this study is the stepping stone towards establishment of the changes in gut microflora with age in Indian population.

Conclusion The observations of this study suggest that the gut flora of individuals change with age within a family. The Indian population is different in physiology to the western population and our results demonstrate that the gut flora in Indian subjects may be different in composition as compared to the western population [18]. The pattern of change in Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio with age selleckchem in our subjects is different from the previously reported pattern in European population. Moreover, the isolation of novel bacterial species demonstrates the fact that human gut flora in Indian population is an unexplored source of potential novel bacterial species. Thus, more effort should be made to extensively define gut flora in Indian population. Acknowledgement We thank Mr Jayant Salvi for supporting this work. We thank the subjects for participating Methocarbamol in the study. NM is thankful to Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), New Delhi, India for funding. Electronic supplementary material Additional file 1: Table S1. Distribution of different bacterial families in all subjects. (−) indicates no detection. (DOC 57 KB) Additional file 2: Figure S1. Phylogenetic tree showing the position of 16S rDNA OTU’s recovered

from stool sample of S1 individual was constructed using neighbor-joining method based on partial 16S rDNA sequences. The bootstrap values (expressed as percentages of 1000 replications) are shown at branch points. The scale bar represents genetic distance (2 substitutions per 100 nucleotides). GenBank accession numbers are in parentheses. (PDF 1 MB) Additional file 3: Figure S2. Phylogenetic tree showing the position of 16S rDNA OTU’s recovered from stool sample of S2 individual was constructed using neighbor-joining method based on partial 16S rDNA sequences. The bootstrap values (expressed as percentages of 1000 replications) are shown at branch points. The scale bar represents genetic distance (2 substitutions per 100 nucleotides). GenBank accession numbers are in parentheses.