We also performed a meta-analysis of existing studies.

Materials and Methods: A total of 1,446 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy at New York University were followed a median of 57 months for biochemical recurrence events. Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics were compared between 437 statin users and 1,009 nonusers. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox models were used to examine biochemical

recurrence-free survival by statin use. A meta-analysis was performed with data from our cohort and 5 published studies using the random effects model.

Results: Statin users were slightly older and more likely to have diabetes (p < 0.01). They were similar to nonusers in race and body mass index. Although preoperative prostate specific antigen and tumor stage were similar between the 2 groups, the proportion of patients with pathological Gleason score 7-10 tumors was slightly AZD4547 purchase higher among statin users (p = 0.03). The biochemical recurrence-free survival rate was 87.4% and 89.0% for statin users and nonusers, respectively, at the end of followup (log rank p = 0.26). Overall

biochemical recurrence was not associated with statin use (HR 1.15, 95% CI 0.82-1.61). Results were similar when patients were stratified by D’Amico low and intermediate or high risk groups. Meta-analysis SRT2104 solubility dmso revealed no overall association between statins and biochemical recurrence (pooled HR 1.00, 95% CI 0.80-1.19).

Conclusions: Our findings are consistent with the results of the meta-analysis, which indicated that preoperative statin use does not impact the overall risk of biochemical recurrence.”
“The interdisciplinary EC consortium (the PEGASUS project) aimed to examine the issues raised by the development, implementation and commercialisation of genetically modified

(GM) animals, and derivative selleck inhibitor foods and pharmaceutical products. The results integrated existing social (including existing public perception) environmental and economic knowledge regarding GM animals to formulate policy recommendations relevant to new developments and applications. The use of GM in farmed animals (aquatic, terrestrial and pharmaceutical) was mapped and reviewed. A foresight exercise was conducted to identity future developments. Three case studies (aquatic, terrestrial and pharmaceutical) were applied to identify the issues raised, including the potential risks and benefits of GM animals from the perspectives of the production chain (economics and agri-food sector) and the life sciences (human and animal health, environmental impact, animal welfare and sustainable production). Ethical and policy concerns were examined through application of combined ethical matrix method and policy workshops. The case studies were also used to demonstrate the utility of public engagement in the policy process.