A second model was built including RVR in the analysis. Classification index (C-Index) was calculated. ILB28 genotypes and allele frequencies for the wild-type and mutated gene were compared with the healthy reference

population through contingency tables using χ2 statistics and Fisher exact test. All calculations were performed using SPSS version 10.0 software (SPSS, Chicago, IL). A total of 454 anti–HCV-positive patients were recruited for the study. All patients were Caucasian; 93% were infected with HCV-1, subtype b. Baseline demographic, biochemical, and virologic characteristics of Wnt inhibitor the patients according to the original study groups are listed in Table 1. A total of 303 of the 353 adherent patients from the Var treatment arm in the parent study provided their informed consent for genetic evaluation, and 151 of 181 check details adherent patients from the Std treatment arm consented. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between patients in the Std and Var arms (Table 1). Of the 303 patients from the Var arm, 70 (23%) attained RVR and received treatment for 24 weeks, 90 (30%) had undetectable serum HCV RNA at week 8 and received 48 weeks of treatment, and 51

(17%) who were initially HCV RNA–negative or showed a ≥2 log drop at week 12 were treated for 72 weeks (Fig. 1). The comparative rates in the Std arm were 25%, 35%, and 11% (P = 0.64, P = 0.32, and P = 0.13, respectively for comparison between Std and Var arms). These rates are similar click here to those observed in the original cohort. Baseline characteristics of the control population are provided in the Supporting Information. The frequency of the ILB28 genetic variants and the distribution of IL28B alleles were evaluated and are summarized in Fig. 2. The requirement for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium

was satisfied in the healthy control and patient population (P = 0.46 and P = 0.07, respectively). The frequency of the CC genotype was lower in the HCV cohort compared with the healthy group (P = 0.06) (Fig. 2). When IL28B frequency was compared between the two treatment arms, higher rates of CC types were observed in the Std arm (32% versus 26%) (P = 0.002). This difference might have reduced the rate of SVR of patients in the Var arm. An SVR was achieved in 230 (51%) patients overall. No difference in SVR rate was observed between the Std and Var arm (Std 75/151 [50%] versus Var 155/303 [51%]; P = 0.84). Rates of SVR analyzed according to IL28B genotype and treatment arm are shown in Fig. 3. In both arms, SVR rates were significantly higher in patients with CC type (Std arm, 69%, 49%, and 24% for CC, CT, and TT type, respectively [P = 0.0005]; Var arm, 70% versus 48% versus 32% [P = 0.0002]) (Fig. 3).