All participants gave informed consent and the study was conducted according

to the declaration of Helsinki. The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov [ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00885690]. Results A total of 26 participants were screened for the study. Of these, 12 did not meet inclusion criteria and 5 refused to participate. Nine participants were included with five being treated with sertindole and four being Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical treated with olanzapine. Two patients, one from each treatment arm, withdrew consent before the first dose of study medication and were excluded from further analysis. Of the nine participants included, four completed the study, resulting in a dropout rate of 56%, as shown in Figure 1. Participants were recruited in the period October 2009–July 2011 when recruitment

was paused due to a low inclusion rate. The study was terminated in March Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical 2012. Mean age at inclusion was 34.1 years [standard deviation (SD) = 11.0] for the sertindole group and 49.3 years (SD = 8.7) for the olanzapine group, p = 0.08 in the LOCF analysis. Mean age at diagnosis was 33.2 years (SD = 13.2) in the sertindole group and 36.1 (SD = 5.5) years in the olanzapine group, p = 0.56 in the LOCF analysis. In the completers PRT062607 analysis the mean age was 39.4 Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical years in the sertindole group and 32.2 years in the olanzapine group, p = 1.0. A total of 75% of the participants were men in the sertindole group versus only 33% in the olanzapine group (p = 0.31), as shown in Table 1. Mean reduction in PANSS total in the sertindole group was −18.8 and Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical −9.3 for the olanzapine group, p = 0.28 in the LOCF analysis. Similar results were found in the completers

analysis with a reduction of −16.0 in the sertindole group and −9.5 in the olanzapine group, p = 1.0. There were no significant differences between treatment groups on any of the PANSS subscales investigated, as shown in Table 1. Figure 1. Patient flow throughout the study. Table 1. Demographics. Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical The eight neurocognitive tests are described with LOCF analysis in Table 2 and completers analysis in Table 3. A total of 32 neurocognitive results were available for each analysis type (LOCF and completers analysis) and no single significant difference was found in either analysis type, Vasopressin Receptor as shown in Tables 2 and ​and3.3. A simple sign test did not show any trend towards either treatment group being superior, with sertindole-treated patients showing better test results in 15 subtests, olanzapine-treated patients showing better results in 16 subtests, and both drugs being equally good in the last subtest in the LOCF analysis. In the completers analysis sertindole-treated patients showed better results in 12 subtests, olanzapine-treated patients in 17 subtests, and both drugs did equally well in 3 subtests. Table 2. Last observation carried forward analysis of CANTAB. Table 3. Completers analysis of CANTAB.