These observations prompted us to design a protocol in which the temperature elevation of subjects during dehydration was allowed to recover, and which minimized prior exercise effects. The normal and dehydrated conditions were then compared using combined measures of performance and physiological responses. We were selleck kinase inhibitor interested in knowing
the extent to which rehydration blunted performance perturbations following exercise and temperature-induced dehydration, when core temperatures were not elevated. A second aim of the study was to test our premise that certain amino acids, carbohydrate polymers, protective thiols and vitamins may evoke a performance advantage. Based on exercise capacity, we assessed and compared the effects of rehydration with commercially available non-caffeinated lemon flavored sports drinks, namely, Gatorade and Rehydrate Electrolyte Replacement Drink (AdvoCare International), using lemon flavored Crystal Light as the control
rehydration fluid. These fluids vary in energy, electrolyte and nutrient content. The study was conducted using a blinded, placebo protocol. Methods Subjects Eight healthy men, who participated regularly in competitive sports and were familiar with maximal treadmill testing, were recruited for this study. They were fully acquainted with the procedures of the study including risks and benefits before giving their consent. The research protocol was
approved by the University of Texas Southwestern Medical PF-3084014 molecular weight Center Institutional Review Board. Their physical characteristics are depicted in Table 1. Table 1 Subject characteristics at baseline visit Subject Age (yrs) Ht (cm) Wt (kg) VO2max (mL.min-1) Maximal RER Maximal Heart rate (beats.min-1) Inositol monophosphatase 1 Maximal VE(L.min-1) 1 22 193.0 81.6 3772 1.20 196 164.2 2 23 185.4 89.8 4347 1.21 208 158.6 3 28 182.9 79.4 3463 1.34 192 131.6 4 28 188.0 74.5 3049 1.27 175 130.5 5 39 182.9 96.1 4507 1.19 166 143.9 6 24 172.7 83.9 3236 1.23 NA* 105.8 7 23 175.3 84.4 3798 1.18 195 125.5 8 41 177.8 71.7 4531 1.07 170 139.5 Mean 28.5 182.4 82.7 3838 1.21 186.0 137.5 St Dev 7.5 6.8 7.9 575 0.08 15.7 18.7 Experimental Design A double blind placebo randomized within study design was used in this investigation. The experimental design involved an initial dehydration exercise bout of 60 min in hot conditions (27-33°C), followed by 60 min of recovery at about 22°C, prior to performing an individualized treadmill exercise test designed to induce exhaustion in 7-10 min. After the exercise test, the subjects were assigned 60 min to fully replace fluid losses (on a weight basis) from the previous exercise and then the same maximal exercise protocol was repeated. Gas exchange HSP990 purchase measurements were made using a metabolic cart (Medical Graphics, St.