With this microdevice, the enzymatic kinetics of alkaline phosphatase converting the fluorescein diphosphate was studied, and the Michaelis-Menten

kinetics was analyzed. The microdevice has the advantages of simplicity and low cost in fabrication and operation. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.”
“Multilayered Co/Cu nanowires with 10 nm diameter were fabricated as arrays in anodic aluminum oxide templates. Magnetization hysteresis (MH) loops and current perpendicular to the plane giant magnetoresistance (CPP-GMR) were measured as functions of Cu layer thicknesses. The largest CPP-GMR values (11%, or 19.5% for multilayers alone) were found in nanowire arrays that had identical MH loops whether Doramapimod price the field was applied parallel or perpendicular to the wires. Spin transfer torque (STT) switching was measured in the 10 nm diameter nanowires and also in 60 nm diameter wires. For the 10 nm diameter nanowires, these STT curves were overlaid with small jumps (1%-2%) that were attributed to individual layers flipping and larger jumps (6.25%) that were due to collective spin flips between interacting Co layers. For larger diameter nanowires, the individual spin flips were not present, and the curves were similar to typical STT results. The current densities required to switch the Co layers from antiparallel to parallel and back (J(AP-P)/J(P-AP))

were 2.7 X 10(8)/1.3 X 10(8) and 3.2 X 10(7)/-1.6 X 10(7) A/cm(2), respectively, for the 10 and 60 nm diameter nanowires. Nec-1s manufacturer The ability to construct large area arrays of 10 nm CPP-GMR and STT structures makes these first results exciting for eventual use in magnetic random access memory. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3075990]“
“To assess the adequacy of medical prescriptions for community-acquired pneumonia at the emergency department of the Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, we conducted a prospective cohort study, from January through April 2011. All patients with suspected pneumonia were selected from the first prescription of antimicrobials held

in the emergency room. Patients with a description of pneumonia, community-acquired pneumonia, respiratory infection, or other issues related to community-acquired pneumonia were selected AC220 research buy for review. Two-hundred and fifteen patients were studied. Adherence to the hospital care protocol was: 11.2% for the initial recommended tests (chest X-ray and collection of sputum sample), 34.4% for blood cultures, and 92.1% for the antimicrobial choice. Sixty percent of the prescriptions consisted of a combination of drugs, and the association of beta-lactam and macrolide was the most common. The Hospital Infection Control Committee evaluated patients’ prescriptions within a median time of 23.5 h (IQR 25-75%, 8-24). Negative evaluations accounted for 10% of prescriptions (n = 59).