The squares show enlarged images corresponding to a Silmitasertib solubility dmso confocal slice of 0.8 μm showing partial colocalization of GHSV-UL46 with Rab27a (yellow spots). (DIC: Differential Interference Contrast). In this regard, it is widely accepted that HSV-1 acquires tegument 3-MA price and envelope through a process of

secondary envelopment by budding into TGN-derived vesicles coated with viral glycoproteins and tegument proteins. Since we found a significant colocalization between Rab27a and TGN, we carried out confocal triple-labeled indirect immunofluorescence analysis with anti-Rab27a and TGN46 antibodies, and GHSV-UL46 virus. Figure 4 shows partial colocalization between GHSV-UL46, Rab27a and TGN-46 Lonafarnib (Manders coefficients of colocalization GHSV-UL46/TGN-46: M1 = 0,79, M2 = 0,70; GHSV-UL46/Rab27a : M1 = 0,7 M2 = 0,51; colocalization TGN/Rab27a : M1 = 0,77 M2 = 0,56). Figure 4 Colocalization between GHSV-UL46 and Rab27a in the TGN. HOG cells cultured in DM and infected at a m.o.i. of 1 with GHSV-UL46 were fixed and processed for confocal triple-label indirect immunofluorescence

analysis with anti-Rab27a and anti-TGN-46 polyclonal antibodies. Low panels, corresponding to confocal slices of 0.8 μm, are enlargements of the square shown in upper panel, which corresponds to the projection of the planes obtained by confocal microscopy. Images show colocalization between Rab27a and GHSV-UL46 in the TGN. Colocalization between Rab27a and GHSV-UL46 appears cyan; between Rab27a and TGN, magenta; between GHSV-UL46 and the TGN, yellow; colocalization between Rab27a, GHSV-UL46 and TGN appears white. (DIC: Differential Interference Contrast). It has been shown Tyrosine-protein kinase BLK that HSV-1 glycoproteins accumulate in the TGN and in TGN-derived vesicles [10]. Since we suspected a feasible role for Rab27a in viral morphogenesis, the next step was to assess whether Rab27a colocalized with viral glycoproteins. To this end, we performed confocal triple-labeled indirect immunofluorescence analysis with anti-Rab27a, anti-gH LP11 [37] and anti-gD LP2 [38] antibodies. As

expected, both gH (data not shown) and gD colocalized with Rab27a (Figure 5) (Manders coefficients Rab27a/gD: M1 = 0,78 M2 = 0,7). Finally, triple-labeled indirect immunofluorescence analysis with antibodies anti-Rab27a, anti-gD LP2 and anti-TGN46 demonstrated that colocalization of this viral glycoprotein with Rab27a took place in the TGN (Figure 6) (Manders coefficients of colocalization gD/TGN-46: M1 = 0,7, M2 = 0,6; TGN/Rab27a : M1 = 0,7 M2 = 0,66; colocalization gD/Rab27a : M1 = 0,73 M2 = 0,59). Figure 5 Colocalization between Rab27a and gD. HOG cells cultured in DM and infected at a m.o.i. of 1 with GHSV-UL46 were fixed and processed for confocal triple-label indirect immunofluorescence analysis with polyclonal anti-Rab27a and anti-gD LP2 antibodies. Low panels, corresponding to confocal slices of 0.

The authors also would like to thank Prof. Ian Head for helping with data interpretation and Sandro Lessa Andrade for have provided Suruí mangrove map for this study. References 1. Merhi ZO: Gulf Coast oil disaster: impact on human reproduction. Fertil Steril 2010, 94:1575–1577.PubMedCrossRef 2. Mitsch WJ: The 2010 oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico: What would Mother Nature do? Ecological Engineering 2010, 36:1607–1610.CrossRef 3. Head IM, Jones DM, Röling

WFM: Marine microorganisms make a meal of oil. Nat Rev Microbiol 2006, 4:173–182.PubMedCrossRef 4. Olguín EJ, Hernández ME, Sánchez-Galván G: Contaminación de manglares por hidrocarburos y estratégias de biorremediación, fitorremediación #BVD-523 price randurls[1|1|,|CHEM1|]# y restauración. Ver Int Contam Ambient 2007, 23:139–154. 5. Dias ACF, Andreote FD, Rigonato J, Fiore MF, Melo IS, Araújo WL: The bacterial diversity in a Brazilian non-disturbed mangrove sediment. Antonie van Leeuwenhoeck 2010, 98:541–551.CrossRef 6. Lyimo TJ, Pol A, Harhangi HR, Jetten

MSM, den Camp HJMO: Anaerobic oxidation of dimethylsul¢de andmethanethiol in mangrove sediments is dominated PD-0332991 datasheet by sulfate-reducing bacteria. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2009, 70:483–492.PubMedCrossRef 7. Taketani RG, Franco NO, Rosado AS, van Elsas JD: Microbial community response to a simulated hydrocarbon spill in mangrove sediments. J Microbiol 2010, 48:7–15.PubMedCrossRef 8. Li C-H, Zhou H-W, Wong Y-S, Tam NF-Y: this website Vertical distribution and anaerobic biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in mangrove sediments in Hong Kong, South China. Sci Total Environ 2009, 407:5772–5779.PubMedCrossRef 9. Burns KA, Codi S: Contrasting impacts of localised versus catastrophic

oil spills in mangrove sediments. Mangroves and Salt Marshes 1998, 2:63–74.CrossRef 10. Ke L, Yu KSH, Wong YS, Tam NFY: Spatial and vertical distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in mangrove sediments. Sci Total Environ 2005, 340:177–187.PubMedCrossRef 11. Widdel F, Knittel K, Galushko A: Anaerobic hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms: an overview. In Handbook of hydrocarbon and lipid microbiology. Edited by: Timmis KN. Germany: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg; 2010:1997–2022.CrossRef 12. Boopathy R: Anaerobic degradation of No. 2 diesel fuel in the wetland sediments of Barataria-Terrebonne estuary under various electron acceptor conditions. Biores Technol 2003, 86:171–175.CrossRef 13. Boopathy R: Anaerobic biodegradation of no. 2 diesel fuel in soil: a soil comumn study. Biores Technol 2004, 94:143–151.CrossRef 14. Boopathy R, Shields S, Nunna S: Biodegradation of crude oil from the BP oil spill in the marsh sediments of Southeast Louisiana, USA. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2012. 15.

2002, 2005, 2011; Perski 2006). However, while one longitudinal study found that performance-based self-esteem was related to subsequent burnout (Blom 2012), another longitudinal study could not confirm

this association (Dahlin and Runeson 2007). To the best of our knowledge, KPT-330 datasheet a reversed causation has not been studied yet. Theoretically, the relationship between experienced imbalance between work and see more family demands and emotional exhaustion can be explained through the loss spiral assumption that is posed in the conservation of resources (COR) theory (Hobfoll 1989). According to this theory, a vicious circle with regard to the loss of resources is assumed, which is called the spiral loss hypothesis. Employees who may perceive a loss of resources in one domain (e.g. due to high work demands) are more likely to experience other subsequent resource losses in other domains (e.g. family domain, resulting in work–family conflict).

Over time less and less resources become available to deal with potential stressors, which can result in emotional exhaustion. This theory is also suitable to explain the relationship between performance-based self-esteem and work–family conflict. In order to maintain self-esteem, maximum effort and resources (i.e. time and energy) are invested in the work domain, which leads to a depletion of resources that otherwise could have been used in the non-work domain. Conflicts between the work and the family role might be especially stressful for individuals that value and need the work role for their feelings of self-worth (Innstrand et Selleckchem Idasanutlin al. 2010). It can be speculated that individuals with high performance-based self-esteem have a need to perform well in both the work and the family sphere, which is likely to increase feelings of stress and deficiency. Stress in turn

may lead to feelings of conflict or imbalance. Also in the case of a potential relationship between performance-based self-esteem and emotional exhaustion, the COR theory’s spiral loss hypothesis could provide a useful theoretical explanation. The vulnerability through emotional exhaustion could make employees more sensitive to stress and the striving to maintain their self-worth through achievements in the work domain more dominant, which PRKACG then increases performance-based self-esteem. Moreover, emotional exhaustion, which makes it harder to accomplish work, might be especially stressful for employees basing their self-esteem mainly on their work performance and evolving feelings of insufficiency might increase striving for success even more. Although in Sweden the labour market participation is more similar for men and women compared with other European countries (Eurostat 2010), there is still an imbalance in the distribution of family-related responsibilities.

Luciferase activities were measured in lysed BHK-21 cells after 48 h incubating to assay neutralization activities. Error bars indicate the standard deviations from two independent experiments. Three convalescent sera from DF patients (#19-20, #37-20, #37-30) were validated with the newly developed assay in DMXAA mouse K562 cells. As shown in Figure 5, all three samples were able to enhance DENV infection at dilutions from 2 × 10-2 to10-4 (#19-20), 10-2 to10-5 (#37-20), and 10-1 to10-4 (#37-30), respectively. Negative control (#NC) from healthy adult in varying dilutions showed no impact on

RLU as expected. Meanwhile, serum #19-20 and #37-20 showed strong neutralizing activities at a dilution of 10-2 or even lower, and LRNT50 was calculated to 80 and 10-fold dilution separately, whereas no neutralizing activity can be observed in serum #37-30 at detected dilutions. Together, these results indicate that the Luc-based assay

is suitable for detecting both neutralization and ADE activity of immune sera from vaccinated or infected individuals. Figure 5 Enhancing activity assay for patient sera using the new assay system. Samples #19-20, #37-20 and #37-30 were obtained from Chinese subjects positive to DENV, with a sample from healthy people #NS as a negative control. Sera in various dilutions were mixed with Luc-DENV and incubated for 72 h, and luciferase activities were measured in lysed K562 cells to assay enhancing activities. Error bars indicate the standard Lonafarnib clinical trial deviations from two independent experiments. Discussion A reliable, rapid, and high-throughput assay for DENV neutralization antibodies Inositol monophosphatase 1 is critical for laboratory and clinical studies of DENV infection and vaccine. Considering the limitations of plaque based assay, some novel methods for neutralizing assays have been described [12–18]. Che and coworkers recently developed a novel ELISPOT based neutralization test, demonstrating a well correlation with the conventional PRNT assay [19]. Pseudo infectious DENV reporter virus particles (RVP) carrying green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter were also

used to measure neutralization antibodies with Selleckchem Fludarabine rapidity, stability and reproducibility [15, 16, 20]. Infection with RVP could be monitored by the GFP signals using flow cytometry. However, GFP is not suitable for real-time quantification, and production of RVP requires special cell lines and replicon based plasmids. Live reporter virus carrying luciferase reporter replicates almost the same as wild type virus, representing a more advanced tool. Many reporter viruses, including SARS-related corona virus, human hepatitis C virus, parainfluenza virus, HIV, adenovirus, have been described and well applied for antiviral screening, live imaging, or function studies [21–25]. Live reporter DENV engineering a reporter gene at the capsid gene has been developed [26].

The down-conversion process requires that the cerium ions are in the Ce3+ state and are associated with oxygen vacancies, which implies that ceria nanoparticles contain Ce2O3 is a direct semiconductor [11]. To obtain visible light via up-conversion, ceria nanoparticles must be doped with certain lanthanides, such as erbium, then annealed at temperatures above 700°C [12]. Ceria is a low-phonon host for the erbium ions, which act as optical centers that convert the energy from absorbed IR photons into

visible light [13]. check details However, the presence of the negative-association energy element, erbium, and the high temperature anneal causes the dominant ionization state of cerium ions to be in the Ce4+ state where Ce4+ ions bond with oxygen to

form CeO2, an indirect semiconductor [10, 14, 15]. Hence, the down-conversion emission efficiency of the erbium-doped ceria nanoparticles (EDC NPs), particularly after the thermal anneal, is low [10]. On the other hand, there is no observable up-conversion emission from undoped ceria nanoparticles or from ceria nanoparticles doped with positive association energy lanthanide. Thus, to optimize the properties of ceria nanoparticles for the two optical conversion processes, it has been required two different nanoparticle synthesis and post-processing procedures. As shown in the illustrative www.selleckchem.com/products/GDC-0449.html diagram of Figure 1, this work introduces a reduced EDC NPs that have the unique material properties to act as an optical medium for both down-conversion and up-conversion in the same time to generate multi-wavelength Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase visible emissions under near Selleck Nec-1s UV and IR excitations, respectively. The used synthesis process results in a high concentration of Ce3+ ions associated with the oxygen vacancies in ceria, which is required to obtain high fluorescence efficiency in the down-conversion process. Simultaneously, the synthesized nanoparticles contain the molecular energy levels of erbium that are required for up-conversion. Therefore, the EDC NPs synthesized using this procedure can emit visible light when excited with either or both UV or IR photons. This work is the first, to the best of the authors’

knowledge, to offer one optical nanomaterial for both up- and down-conversions simultaneously. This opens new opportunities for applications where emission of visible light via both up- and down-conversions from a single nanomaterial is desired. Figure 1 Illustrative diagram demonstrating usage of EDC NPs in generating visible light. Simultaneous UV (down-conversion) and IR (up-conversion) excitations. Methods EDC NPs are prepared using the chemical precipitation technique which is relatively simple and inexpensive synthesis process [16, 17]. Cerium (III) chloride (0.475 g) and erbium (III) chloride (0.025 g) are dissolved in de-ionized (DI) water (40 mL) to obtain a 5% weigh ratio of erbium to cerium in the synthesized nanoparticles.

The most commonly traded genera were leiothrix babblers Leiothrix (ca. 170,000 individuals) and hill mynas Gracula religiosa (69,000 individuals). Main exporters were China, Vietnam and Malaysia with the EU, Japan and Malaysia as the main importers (Table 1). Partially in response to the outbreak of avian influenza the EU in 2005 severely restricted imports of birds, and with imports into Malaysia being partially for re-exports, the export of birds from Southeast Asia has come to an almost complete halt. There has been a discussion on whether blanket bans on bird trade are appropriate and effective (see e.g. Cooney and Jepson 2006;

Gilardi 2006; Roe 2006) but at least locally levels of trade in selleck products wild-caught birds have declined (Shepherd 2006). Coral A total of TSA HDAC 17.83 million pieces of coral and 2.36 million kg of live coral were traded in the period 1998–2007 (Fig. 1g, h); representing at least 90 species that are wild-caught. Over this period the vast majority has been derived from the wild, but from 2003 onwards exports of coral from mariculture has seen a progressive increase. Only Indonesia, Malaysia and Viet Nam report export of corals from mariculture; Indonesia exports mariculture coral as ranch-raised whereas Viet Nam and Malaysia

exports it as captive-bred. GNS-1480 research buy Imports of corals are difficult to monitor accurately, and indeed. Blundell and Mascia (2005) found that the CITES

trade database showed an almost 400% higher level of trade in corals than USA customs, and Wells and Barzdo (1991) have argued that CITES probably has GBA3 a limited role to play for wide-ranging marine species such as many species of coral. As noted by Bruckner (2001) tracking trade using the CITES Trade Database provides limited information, because coral is reported to genus, and volume is reported by item or weight, the CITES mechanism, however, may promote the development of strategies to protect corals. While certain Southeast Asian countries have developed management plans for the sustainable harvest of corals, this mainly targets CITES-listed species, and hitherto its effectiveness has not been assessed. Conclusions and recommendations Wildlife in Southeast Asia is under attack from numerous angles: habitat loss and degradation, global climate change, commercial hunting, competition with introduced species (McNeely et al. 2009; Sodhi et al. 2004; Bickford et al. this issue; Wilcove and Koh this issue), etc. and these all act in concert potentially leading to the extinction of populations, species, and ecosystems. For most species, wildlife trade should be seen as just one of the actors in this complex interaction. Trade in CITES-listed species of wildlife from Southeast Asia involved millions of animals annually, with the overwhelming majority of animals being derived from the wild.

In another review, out of 329 patients with SBO 43% were successfully treated conservatively, whereas 57% failed conservative treatment and underwent surgery [42]. Overall, there were eight early deaths, four in each group (2.8% conservative vs. 2.1% surgical; p = ns). Out of these patients presenting with SBO, 63% had abdominal surgery and 37% had no prior abdominal surgery before developing a small bowel obstruction. In conclusion, the most recent meta-analyses [43–45] showed that the patients who had surgery within the six weeks before the episode of small bowel obstruction, patients with signs Nocodazole in vivo of strangulation or GS-4997 concentration peritonitis (fever, tachycardia and leucocytosis), patients

with carcinomatosis, patients with irreducible hernia and patients who started to have signs of resolution at the time of admission are not candidate for conservative treatment +/- Water Soluble Contrast Medium administration. Also the EAST MI-503 research buy guidelines on SBO management recommend that the patients with plain film finding of small bowel obstruction and Clinical markers (fever, leukocytosis, tachycardia, metabolic acidosis and continuous pain) or peritonitis on physical exam warrant exploration [46]. The second question is who can be safely managed with initial conservative management and which factors can reliably predict surgery Complete SBO (no evidence of air within

the large bowel) and increased serum creatine phosphokinase predicts NOM failure (Level of Evidence 2b GoR C) Free intraperitoneal fluid, mesenteric edema, lack of the ”small bowel feces sign” at CT, and history of vomiting, severe abdominal pain (VAS > 4), abdominal guarding, raised WCC and devascularized bowel at CT predict the need for emergent laparotomy at the time of admission (Level HAS1 of Evidence 2c GoR C) The appearance of water-soluble contrast in the colon on abdominal X ray within 24 hours of its administration predicts resolution of ASBO (Level of Evidence 1a GoR A) Among

patients with adhesive small bowel obstruction (ASBO) initially managed with a conservative strategy, predicting risk of operation is difficult. Several recent studies have tried to focus on identifying predictive factors for failure of NOM and need for surgery. In conservatively treated patients with ASBO, the drainage volume through the long tube on day 3 (cut-off value; 500mL) was the indicator for surgery [47]. In 2010 Komatsu et al. have developed a simple model for predicting the need of surgery in patients who initially undergo conservative management for ASBO. The model included 3 variables: age >65 years, presence of ascites on CT scan and drainage volume from NGT or LT > 500 mL on day 3. PPV of this model in the high-risk class was 72% with specificity of 96%, whereas NPV in the low risk class was 100% with sensitivity of 100% [48].

Nine BIBF 1120 cost patients (29%) in the AL group were hemodynamically unstable on admission to the emergency department. All the patients in the DL group were stable on admission. The number and distribution of laparotomies in each group are summarized in Table 2. In the DL group, 19 patients (7.3%) had a second unplanned laparotomy, and 5 additional patients (1.9%) had 2 or more subsequent laparotomies following the first emergency operation (a total of at least 3 laparotomies).

A total of 24 patients in the DL group (9.2%) underwent Selleckchem AZD8186 at least one unplanned laparotomy. Mortality rates were 54.8% and 16.5% in the AL and DL groups respectively (p < 0.0001). The most common cause of death in both groups was multi-organ failure (MOF) due to irreversible septic shock. In both groups the patients who died were significantly older than those who survived (75 vs. 47.3 years in the AL group and 74 vs. 63 years in the DL group; p < 0.0001 in each group), but there was no statistical MLN8237 mw difference between the two group with regard to the age of patients who died. Wound infection, MOF and sepsis [12] were significantly more frequent in patients in the AL group (Table 3). Median length of hospital stay (LOS) was significantly

longer in the patients in the AL group (21 vs. 9 days; p < 0.05). Table 1 Demographics and indications for emergency surgery   AL DL p N patients (%) 31 (10.7) 260 (89.3)   Male % 58.1 54.2 NS Mean age (years) 62.8 (± 18.8) 65.0 (± 17.7) NS Peritonitis 48.4%

30.4% 0.04 Mesenteric ischemia 32.3% 3.5% < 0.0001 Intestinal obstruction 6.5% 58% < 0.0001 Bleeding 9.7% 3.1% NS Other 3.2% 5.0% NS Table 2 Number of laparotomies in each group   N -- Laparotomies   1 2 3+ Total AL - n (%) 5 (16.1) 12 (38.7) 14 (45.2) 31 (100) DL -- n (%) 236 (90.8) 19* (7.3) 5* (1.9) 260 (100) Total -- n (%) 241 (82.8) 31 (10.7) 19 (6.5) 291 (100) *- unplanned laparotomies Table 3 Mortality and morbidity   AL DL p Mortality 54.8% 16.5% < 0.0001 Mean age: 75 vs. 47.3 74 vs. 63.2 NS Died vs. survived P < 0.0001 P < 0.0001   Wound infection 32.3% 13.3% 0.013 MOF 93.5% 21.5% < 0.0001 Sepsis 83.9% 21.5% < 0.0001 Discussion Damage control surgery made a monumental change in the paradigm that anatomical perfection must be achieved during the initial operation of critically injured patients. Trauma surgeons realized that the need to reverse the physiological Orotic acid “”lethal triad”" of acidosis, hypothermia and coagulopathy surpassed the necessity to correct all the anatomical derangements that were caused by the initial injury. Definitive surgery in the acute setting is practiced under strict adherence to a pre-defined algorithm in which damage control surgery is elected for the most seriously injured, and some of the indications for damage control in trauma may be applied for non-trauma critically ill patients as well. There is little level I evidence to support abbreviated surgery in a non-trauma setting.

At 1 hour post infection, kanamycin (250 μg/ml) was added to kill extracellular bacteria. Cytotoxicity was measured

at 6 hr. find more post GSK2126458 molecular weight infection by assaying for lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release in the cell supernatants using a LDH Cytotoxity Detection Kit (Clontech). Multi-nucleated giant cell assay HEK293T cells were seeded at a density of 2.5 x 104 cells/well in a 24-well tissue culture plate and infected with log-phase bacteria at MOI 10:1. Two hr. post infection, kanamycin was added to kill off extracellular bacteria and at respective time points, cells were washed with 1xPBS and fixed with 100 % methanol (Sigma-Aldrich) for 1 min. Cells were then rinsed with water and air dried before the addition of 20x diluted Giemsa stain (Sigma-Aldrich) for 20 min. After staining, cells were washed with water two times before they were air dried and examined under light microscope for MNGC formation. Cloning of full-length bopA, and bopC gene into mammalian expression vector The pcDNA3.1/V5-His TOPO (pcDNA3.1) TA Expression kit (Life Technologies) was used for cloning of full-length bopA for over-expression in mammalian systems. The bopA coding sequence including stop codon was included in the primer so that the products were not tagged. Amplified product was see more cloned into the linearized pcDNA3.1 vector according to manufacturer’s protocol. The bopC was cloned into pCMV-FLAG-MAT-Tag-1 Expression Vector (Sigma) according

to manufacturer’s instruction.

The primers for amplification of bopA and bopC are listed in Table 3. Measurement of B. pseudomallei effector gene expression by real-time PCR Total RNA was isolated from transfected HEK293T cells 24 hours post transfection using illustra RNAspin Mini Kit (GE Healthcare). cDNA was synthesized using 1 μg of RNA and the First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit (Thermo Scientific). Transcripts were quantified using iQ Cybr Green Supermix (Bio-Rad) in a Bio-Rad iQ5 machine. The expression of effector gene was normalized to housekeeping control gene gapdh. Real-time PCR primers are listed in Table 3. Photothermal nanoblade delivery of bacteria Bacteria for photothermal nanoblade injection Ponatinib were prepared by culturing in low-salt L- broth at pH 5.8 until log-phase and then washed 3X and resuspended in Hanks balanced salt solution (HBSS) at 108–109 cfu/mL. 1–2 μl of the bacterial suspension was loaded into titanium-coated pulled-glass microcapillary pipettes. Photothermal nanoblade delivery was performed essentially as described [24, 26]. Briefly, the pulsed laser system used was a Q-switched, frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser (Minilite I, Continuum) operated at 532 nm wavelength and 6 ns pulsewidth. The laser beam was sent into the fluorescence port of an inverted microscope (AxioObserver, Zeiss) and then through the objective lens (40X, 0.6 NA), to generate a 260 μm-wide laser spot on the sample plane. The optimized laser intensity used for bacterial delivery was 180 mJ/cm2.

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Dienes HP: Immunoreactivity of Lewis blood group and mucin peptide core see more antigens: correlations with grade of dysplasia and malignant transformation in the colorectal adenomaecarcinoma sequence. Histol NU7026 Histopathol 2002, 17:191–198.PubMed 20. Kiguchi K, Iwamori M, Mochizuki Y, Kishikawa T, Tsukazaki K, Saga M, Amemiya A, Nozawa S: Selection of human ovarian carcinoma cells with high dissemination potential by repeated passage of the cells in vivo into nude mice, and involvement of Le(x)-determinant Tenoxicam in the dissemination potential. Jpn J Cancer Res 1998, 89:923–932.PubMed 21. Iwamori M, Iwamori Y, Kubushiro K, Ishiwata I, Kiguchi K: Characteristic expression of Lewis-antigenic glycolipids in human

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